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了解 IPv6 链路本地地址
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介绍

本文档的目的是提供对网络中 IPv6 链路本地地址的理解。链路本地地址是 IPv6 单播地址，可以使用链路本地前缀 FE80::/10 (1111 1110 10) 和修改后的 EUI-64 格式的接口标识符在任何接口上自动配置。链路本地地址不一定绑定到 MAC 地址（以 EUI-64 格式配置）。也可以使用ipv6 address link-local命令以 FE80::/10 格式手动配置链路本地地址。

这些地址仅指特定的物理链路，用于在单个链路上进行寻址，用于自动地址配置和邻居发现协议等目的。链路本地地址可用于到达连接到同一链路的相邻节点。节点不需要全局唯一地址来进行通信。路由器不会使用链路本地地址转发数据报。IPv6 路由器不得将具有链路本地源或目标地址的数据包转发到其他链路。所有启用 IPv6 的接口都有一个本地链路单播地址。

先决条件

要求

在尝试此配置之前，请确保您了解IPv6 地址格式。

使用的组件

本文档不限于特定的软件和硬件版本。

本文档中的配置基于带有 Cisco IOS® 软件版本 12.4 (15)T1 的 Cisco 3700 系列路由器。

配置

在此示例中，路由器 R1、R2 和 R3 通过串行接口连接，并按照网络图中的说明配置 IPv6 地址。在路由器 R1 和 R3 上配置环回地址，路由器之间使用 OSPFv3 进行通信。此示例使用ping命令演示使用链路本地地址的路由器之间的连接。路由器 R1 和 R3 可以使用 IPv6 全局单播地址相互 ping，但不能使用它们的链路本地地址。但是，直接连接到 R1 和 R3 的路由器 R2 可以使用它们的链路本地地址与这两个路由器通信，因为链路本地地址仅在特定于物理接口的本地网络中使用。

网络图

本文档使用此网络设置：

配置

本文档使用以下配置：

路由器 R1
路由器 R2 & R3

下面是一个视频链接（可在Cisco 支持社区获得），该视频演示了 Cisco IOS 路由器中 IPv6 链路本地地址和全球单播地址之间的主要区别：

了解 IPv6 链路本地地址

路由器 R1
! hostname R1 ! ipv6 cef ! ipv6 unicast-routing ! interface Loopback10 no ip address ipv6 address 2010::/64 eui-64 !--- Assigned a IPv6 unicast address in EUI-64 format. ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 !--- Enables OSPFv3 on the interface and associates the interface looback10 to area 1. ! interface Loopback20 no ip address ipv6 address 2020::/64 eui-64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2 !--- Associates the Interface loopback20 to area 2. ! interface Serial0/0 no ip address ipv6 address 2001::1/124 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 !--- Associates the Interface serial0/0 to area 0. clock rate 2000000 ! ipv6 router ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 !--- Router R1 uses 1.1.1.1 as router id. log-adjacency-changes ! end

路由器 R1

!
hostname R1
!
ipv6 cef
!
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback10
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address 2010::/64 eui-64

!--- Assigned a IPv6 unicast address in EUI-64 format.

  ipv6 ospf 1 area 1

!--- Enables OSPFv3 on the interface and associates the interface looback10 to area 1.

!
interface Loopback20
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address 2020::/64 eui-64
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2

!--- Associates the Interface loopback20 to area 2.

!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address 2001::1/124
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

!--- Associates the Interface serial0/0 to area 0.

 clock rate 2000000
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1

!--- Router R1 uses 1.1.1.1 as router id.

 log-adjacency-changes
!
end

路由器 R2	路由器 R3
hostname R2 ! ipv6 cef ! ! ! ! ipv6 unicast-routing ! ! ! interface Serial0/0 no ip address ipv6 address 2001::2/124 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 clock rate 2000000 ! ! interface Serial0/1 no ip address ipv6 address 2002::1/124 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 clock rate 2000000 ! ! ! ipv6 router ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 log-adjacency-changes ! end	! hostname R3 ! ipv6 cef ! ipv6 unicast-routing ! interface Loopback10 no ip address ipv6 address 1010::/64 eui-64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 ! interface Loopback20 no ip address ipv6 address 2020::/64 eui-64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2 ! interface Serial0/0 no ip address ipv6 address FE80::AB8 link-local ipv6 address 2002::2/124 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 clock rate 2000000 ! ipv6 router ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 log-adjacency-changes ! end

路由器 R2

路由器 R3

hostname R2
!
ipv6 cef
!
!
!
!
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
!
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address 2001::2/124
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
 clock rate 2000000
!
!
interface Serial0/1
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address 2002::1/124
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
 clock rate 2000000
!
!
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
log-adjacency-changes
!
end

!
hostname R3
!
ipv6 cef
!
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback10
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address 1010::/64 eui-64
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
!
interface Loopback20
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address 2020::/64 eui-64
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
!
interface Serial0/0
 no ip address
 
 ipv6 address FE80::AB8 link-local
 ipv6 address 2002::2/124
 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
 clock rate 2000000
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 log-adjacency-changes
!
end

核实

验证 OSPF 配置

使用此部分来确认您的配置是否正常工作。

为了验证 OSPF 是否已正确配置，请在路由器 R1 和 R3 中使用show ipv6 route ospf命令。

显示 ipv6 路由 ospf
Router R1 R1#show ipv6 route ospf IPv6 Routing Table - 10 entries Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6 I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2 D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external OI 1010::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128] via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0 O 2002::/124 [110/128] via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0 OI 2020::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128] via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0 Router R3 R3#show ipv6 route ospf IPv6 Routing Table - 10 entries Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6 I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2 D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external O 2001::/124 [110/128] via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0 OI 2010::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128] via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0 OI 2020::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128] via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0

显示 ipv6 路由 ospf

Router R1

R1#show ipv6 route ospf
IPv6 Routing Table - 10 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
OI  1010::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128]
     via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0
O   2002::/124 [110/128]
     via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0
OI  2020::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128]
     via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0

Router R3

R3#show ipv6 route ospf
IPv6 Routing Table - 10 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
       I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
       O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
       ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
O   2001::/124 [110/128]
     via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0
OI  2010::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128]
     via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0
OI  2020::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0/128 [110/128]
     via FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0, Serial0/0

验证链路本地地址可达性

路由器可以用全球单播地址相互ping通。但是，当使用本地链接地址时，只有直接连接的网络可以通信。例如，R1 可以使用全局单播地址 ping R3，但两个路由器无法使用链路本地地址进行通信。这在路由器 R1 和 R3中使用ping和debug ipv6 icmp命令显示。本节提供场景以更好地理解链接本地地址。

从远程网络 ping 链路本地地址

当路由器 R1 尝试使用链路本地地址与路由器 R3 通信时，路由器 R1 返回一个 ICMP 超时消息，指示链路本地地址是本地特定的，并且不能与直接在该链路之外的链路本地地址通信。连接的网络。

从路由器 R1 ping R3 的链路本地地址
在路由器 R1 中 R1#ping FE80::AB8 !--- Pinging Link-Local Address of router R3. Output Interface: serial0/0 !--- To ping LLA, output interface must be entered. Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to FE80::AB8, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0 ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) !--- The ping is unsuccessful and the ICMP packet cannot reach the destination through serial0/0. !--- This timeout indicates that R1 has not received any replies from the router R3.

从路由器 R1 ping R3 的链路本地地址

在路由器 R1 中

R1#ping FE80::AB8

!--- Pinging Link-Local Address of router R3.

Output Interface: serial0/0

!--- To ping LLA, output interface must be entered.

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to FE80::AB8, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

!--- The ping is unsuccessful and the ICMP packet cannot reach the destination through serial0/0.
!--- This timeout indicates that R1 has not received any replies from the router R3.

从直连网络 Ping 链路本地地址

对于路由器 R2，路由器 R1 和 R3 直接相连，并且可以通过提及连接到路由器的相应接口来 ping 路由器 R1 和 R2 的链路本地地址。输出如下所示：

从路由器 R2 ping R1 链路本地地址
在路由器 R2 中 R2#ping FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0 !--- ping 路由器 R1 的链路本地地址。 Output Interface: serial0/0 !--- 注意，要ping LLA，需要提到输出接口在我们的例子中，R2 通过serial0/0 连接到R1。 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/19/56 ms Debug output from R1 R1# Mar 1 03:59:53.367: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.371: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.423: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.427: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.463: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.463: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.467: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.467: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 R1# Mar 1 03:59:53.471: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 03:59:53.471: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 !--- 调试输出显示路由器 R2 可以 ping 路由器 R1 的链路本地地址。

从路由器 R2 ping R1 链路本地地址

在路由器 R2 中

R2#ping FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0

 !--- ping 路由器 R1 的链路本地地址。

Output Interface: serial0/0


!--- 注意，要ping LLA，需要提到输出接口 在我们的例子中，R2 通过serial0/0 连接到R1。

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/19/56 ms

Debug output from R1

R1#
*Mar  1 03:59:53.367: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.371: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.423: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.427: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.463: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.463: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.467: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.467: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
R1#
*Mar  1 03:59:53.471: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 03:59:53.471: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0


!--- 调试输出显示路由器 R2 可以 ping 路由器 R1 的链路本地地址。

从路由器 R2 ping R3 链路本地地址
在路由器 R2 中 R2# ping FE80::AB8 !--- ping 路由器 R3 的链路本地地址。 Output Interface: serial0/1 !--- 请注意，要 ping LLA，应提及输出接口。在我们的例子中，R2 通过 serial0/1 连接到 R3。键入转义序列以中止。向 FE80::AB8 发送 5 个 100 字节的 ICMP Echo，超时为 2 秒：发送源地址为 FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 的数据包！！！！！！成功率为 100% (5/5)，往返 min/avg/max = 0/18/60 ms R3 的调试输出 R3# Mar 1 04:12:11.518: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.522: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.594: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.598: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.618: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.618: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.622: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.622: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 R3# Mar 1 04:12:11.626: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 04:12:11.630: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 !--- 调试输出显示路由器 R2 可以 ping 路由器 R3 的链路本地地址。

从路由器 R2 ping R3 链路本地地址

在路由器 R2 中

R2# ping FE80::AB8 
 !--- ping 路由器 R3 的链路本地地址。

Output Interface: serial0/1


!--- 请注意，要 ping LLA，应提及输出接口。在我们的例子中，R2 通过 serial0/1 连接到 R3。

键入转义序列以中止。
向 FE80::AB8 发送 5 个 100 字节的 ICMP Echo，超时为 2 秒：
发送源地址为 FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 的数据包
！！！！！！
成功率为 100% (5/5)，往返 min/avg/max = 0/18/60 ms

R3 的调试输出

R3#
*Mar  1 04:12:11.518: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.522: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.594: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.598: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.618: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.618: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.622: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.622: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
R3#
*Mar  1 04:12:11.626: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 04:12:11.630: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0


!--- 调试输出显示路由器 R2 可以 ping 路由器 R3 的链路本地地址。

顾名思义，链接本地地址仅特定于该本地网络。换句话说，路由器可以具有相同的本地链路地址，并且直接连接的网络仍然可以相互通信而不会发生任何冲突。在全球单播地址的情况下，这将是不同的。可路由的全球单播地址在网络中应该是唯一的。show ipv6 interface brief命令显示接口上链路本地地址的信息。

显示 ipv6 接口简介
在路由器 R1 R1#show ipv6 interface brief Serial0/0 [up/up] FE80::AB8 2001::1 Loopback10 [up/up] FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0 2010::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0 Loopback20 [up/up] FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0 2020::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0 在路由器 R3 R3#show ipv6 interface brief Serial0/0 [up/up] FE80::AB8 2002::2 Loopback10 [up/up] FE80::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0 1010::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0 Loopback20 [up/up] FE80::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0 2020::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0 !--- 表明 R1 和 R3 的串行接口具有相同的链路本地地址 FE80::AB8。

显示 ipv6 接口简介

在路由器 R1

R1#show ipv6 interface brief
Serial0/0                  [up/up]
    FE80::AB8
    2001::1
Loopback10                 [up/up]
    FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0
    2010::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0
Loopback20                 [up/up]
    FE80::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0
    2020::C000:1DFF:FEE0:0

在路由器 R3

R3#show ipv6 interface brief

Serial0/0                  [up/up]
    FE80::AB8
    2002::2
Loopback10                 [up/up]
    FE80::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0
    1010::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0
Loopback20                 [up/up]
    FE80::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0
    2020::C002:1DFF:FEE0:0



!--- 表明 R1 和 R3 的串行接口具有相同的链路本地地址 FE80::AB8。

在本例中，R1 和 R3 被分配了相同的链路本地地址，通过指定相应的输出接口，R2 仍然可以到达两个路由器。

从 R2 ping R1 和 R3 的链路本地地址
从 R2 ping R1 的链路本地地址 R2#ping FE80::AB8 输出接口：serial0/0 !--- R2 通过serial0/0 连接到R1。键入转义序列以中止。向 FE80::AB8 发送 5 个 100 字节的 ICMP Echo，超时为 2 秒：发送源地址为 FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 的数据包！！！！！！成功率为 100% (5/5)，往返 min/avg/max = 0/26/92 ms R1 的调试输出 R1# Mar 1 19:51:31.855: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.859: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.915: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.919: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.947: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.947: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 R1# Mar 1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 从 R2 ping R3 的链路本地地址 R2#ping FE80::AB8 输出接口：serial0/1 !--- R2 通过serial0/1 连接到R1。键入转义序列以中止。向 FE80::AB8 发送 5 个 100 字节的 ICMP Echo，超时为 2 秒：发送源地址为 FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 的数据包！！！！！！成功率为 100% (5/5)，往返 min/avg/max = 4/28/76 ms R3 的调试输出 R3# Mar 1 19:53:38.815: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.819: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.911: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.915: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.923: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.927: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.955: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.955: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 R3# Mar 1 19:53:38.963: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 Mar 1 19:53:38.963: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0

从 R2 ping R1 和 R3 的链路本地地址

从 R2 ping R1 的链路本地地址

R2#ping FE80::AB8
输出接口：serial0/0

!--- R2 通过serial0/0 连接到R1。

键入转义序列以中止。
向 FE80::AB8 发送 5 个 100 字节的 ICMP Echo，超时为 2 秒：
发送源地址为 FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 的数据包
！！！！！！
成功率为 100% (5/5)，往返 min/avg/max = 0/26/92 ms

R1 的调试输出

R1#
*Mar  1 19:51:31.855: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.859: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.915: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.919: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.947: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.947: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
R1#
*Mar  1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:51:31.955: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0

从 R2 ping R3 的链路本地地址

R2#ping FE80::AB8
输出接口：serial0/1

!--- R2 通过serial0/1 连接到R1。

键入转义序列以中止。
向 FE80::AB8 发送 5 个 100 字节的 ICMP Echo，超时为 2 秒：
发送源地址为 FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0 的数据包
！！！！！！
成功率为 100% (5/5)，往返 min/avg/max = 4/28/76 ms

R3 的调试输出

R3#
*Mar  1 19:53:38.815: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.819: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.911: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.915: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.923: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.927: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.955: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.955: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
R3#
*Mar  1 19:53:38.963: ICMPv6: Received echo request from FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0
*Mar  1 19:53:38.963: ICMPv6: Sending echo reply to FE80::C001:1DFF:FEE0:0

注意： R2 只能 ping 通 R1 和 R3 的链路本地地址，因为它们是直连的。R2 无法 ping 路由器 R1 和 R3 中环回接口的链路本地地址，因为它们没有直接连接。只有在直连网络的情况下，Ping 才对链路本地地址起作用。

注意： Traceroutes 在链路本地地址的情况下不起作用，并返回% No valid source address for destination。错误信息。这是因为 IPv6 路由器不得将具有链路本地源或目标地址的数据包转发到其他链路。

2022-08-14

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